Cancer is the second-leading cause of death in the world, it’s a severe disease in which development of abnormal cells divide uncontrollably and destroy normal body tissue and ultimately spread to other parts of the body. The cells in our body have specific functioning and a fixed lifespan. Once the role of a particular cells gets over, it receives instructions to die so that it can be replaced with a new proper functioning cell. Cancerous cells lack the ability to instruct cells to die, thus due to improper functioning they keep building up, continuously use body nutrients and oxygen and keep nourishing the cells. Ultimately, they form tumours, impair the immune system and disturb the proper functioning of the body.
ii) Sarcoma: Cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.
iii) Leukemia: Cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood.
iv) Lymphoma and myeloma: Cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system.
v) Central nervous system cancers: Cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.
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Excessive smoking, heavy alcohol and tobacco consumption.
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Excess body weight and lack of physical inactivity
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Poor nutrition and lifestyle.
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Genetic factors.
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Chronic inflammation and hormonal changes.
Common symptoms are:
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Change in bowel or bladder habits
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A sore throat that does not heal
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Unusual bleeding or discharge
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Thickening or lump in the breast, testicles etc.
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Chronic indigestion or difficulty swallowing
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Change in the size, colour, shape, or thickness of a wart or mole
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Nagging cough or hoarseness.
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Unexplained loss of weight or loss of appetite.
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Pain in the bones or other parts of the body.
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Persistent fatigue, nausea or vomiting.
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Unexplained low-grade fevers and recurring infections
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Chest pain and short of breath
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Blood during coughing.